Milli Vanilli was a German-French R&B duo from Munich. The group was founded by Frank Farian in 1988 and consisted of Fab Morvan and Rob Pilatus. The group's debut album titled All or Nothing in Europe and reconfigured as Girl You Know It's True in the United States, achieved international success and earned them a Grammy Award for Best New Artist on 21 February 1990.
Milli Vanilli became one of the most popular pop acts in the late 1980s and early 1990s, with millions of records sold. However, their success turned to infamy when Morvan, Pilatus, and their agent Sergio Vendero confessed that Morvan and Pilatus did not sing any of the vocals heard on their music releases. The duo ended up giving back the Grammy Award for Best New Artist. The group recorded a comeback album in 1998 titled Back and in Attack, but the album's release was cancelled after Rob Pilatus died at the age of 32.
Beginnings, 1988–1989
Rob Pilatus met Fabrice Morvan during a dance seminar at a disco in Los Angeles. The two bonded over similar experiences they had growing up in European cities, Paris (Morvan) and Munich (Pilatus). "Something clicked between us," Pilatus said. "Maybe it's because we're both black people who grew up in foreign cities that don't have too many blacks."
The pair reunited in Munich, where they attempted to find work as backing singers, then formed their own act. After adopting the name Milli Vanilli, the pair recorded an album for a small German label that sold just a few thousand records. The pair was focused on becoming famous and struggled with poverty. "We lived in a project. We had no money. We wanted to be stars," explained Pilatus. Music producer Frank Farian learned of the duo and invited Pilatus and Morvan to his Frankfurt studio to listen to a demo.
"We got a call to come to his studio and we said, 'All right that's it,'" Pilatus recalled. "We were just dumb little kids, so we said, 'Let's go.' When we got to the studio, "Girl You Know It's True" was just a demo, he asked us our opinion of it, and if we could sing it and we said, 'Yeah, we could sing it.' And he said, 'Oh beautiful, I believe it, but next week we have shows to do, so don't worry, I'll make you into a millionaire.'"
Farian signed the duo to a contract on 1 January 1988, obligating him to record 10 songs with them a year.But the group's singing in the recording studio did not impress Farian. "These two guys came into the studio, they recorded, but they didn't have enough quality," Farian said.
The final mix of "Girl You Know It's True" was finished by studio performers — including Charles Shaw, John Davis, Brad Howell, Jodie Rocco and Linda Rocco — in March and April.
By May, Pilatus and Morvan were touring Spain, France and Italy, lip syncing to the pre-recorded tracks and thrilling crowds with their distinct style — spandex shorts, thigh-high boots and cornrow hair extensions. According to Pilatus, "We would ask Frank when are we going to be allowed to give some (artistic) input and he would say, 'Yeah, yeah, but right now we need you to go out and do promotion. Of course, you'll get to do it, just work with us.' That's how he strung us along." After "Girl You Know It's True" took off in Germany in summer 1988, Farian produced and wrote most of the material on the Milli Vanilli album All or Nothing. The album was released in Europe in November 1988.
"After Frank released the album, he told us that it was too late to stop now," Pilatus said. "Because the single was such a big success, he said, 'Now you have to go through with it. I'll cover you guys. Nobody will find out.' He said, 'Here, I'll give you $20,000 advance money.' We never had a hit before, so we went along with it. We played with fire and now we know, but it's too late." By December, Pilatus and Morvan came to the realization that their actual voices would never appear on any Milli Vanilli tracks.
All or Nothing was repackaged as Girl You Know It's True for audiences in the United States and was released in March 1989. It became a major success, producing five singles that entered the top five of the Billboard Hot 100, three of which ("Baby Don't Forget My Number", "Blame It on the Rain", and "Girl I'm Gonna Miss You") went to number one. On January 1990, Girl You Know It's True was certified 6× platinum by the RIAA after spending seven weeks atop the Billboard Top 200. Additionally, the album spent 41 weeks within the top 10 of the Billboard Top 200 and 78 weeks within the charts overall. The album was also certified Diamond in Canada, denoting shipments of over a million units there. The success of the album earned the duo a Grammy Award for Best New Artist.
Lip-syncing exposure and media backlash, 1989–1991
Beth McCarthy-Miller, then an executive with MTV, says the duo's English language skills, when they came in for their first interview with the channel, stirred doubts among those present as to whether they had sung on their records. The first public sign th
